5. 结论
Software should be tested against what it is specified to do, not against what it actually observed to do. Software can be tested at various stages of the development cycle and with various degrees of rigor.
软件需要被测试它被指定做的事情，而不是实际上看到的做的事情。软件能够基于各种不同严格程度在开发周期的不同阶段被测试。
In practice, using CE technique, the design of each level of system testing has been developed through a number of layers, each adding more detail to the tests. This technique in some cases will also help clear the ambiguity in requirements while extracting the “Causes” and “Effects” from requirements for the matrix.
实际上，通过因果法，每一层次的系统测试设计可以若干级来开发，每一级增加新的测试内容。这种方法在一些情况下还能帮助理清不明确的需求，因为它从需求中把抽取“原因”与“结果”的放置到矩阵中。
During the review/inspection of the system test cases, the matrix can also be used to trace the requirement/ specification of the product to the test cases.
在系统测试用例的复查/审核过程中，矩阵还能用来检查产品的需求说明书与测试用例的一致性。
The effectiveness of testing effort can be maximized by using CE technique together with appropriate use of automated test execution tools such as Script Execution Test Tool (SETT) and TestExpert.
测试工作的效率可以通过因果法配合合适的自动化测试工具，例如脚本执行测试工具(Script Execution Test Tool，SETT)和TestExpert，得到最大化。
The net result of the CE technique will be an increase in quality and a decrease in costs, both of which can be beneficial to ABC’s software development cycle. This will help ABC to meet quality
使用因果法带来的结果将提升产品质量并降低成本，这对于ABC软件开发周期是很有益的。它能帮助ABC提升产品质量。
6. 词汇表
CE: Cause-Effect
CLI: Command Line Interface
CMIP: Common Management Information Protocol
CTM: CMIP Test Manager
GSD: Geographical Status Display
ITU: International Telecommunication Union
MIB: Management Information Base
MIT: Management Information Tree
OMC-R: Operational and Maintenance Centre-Radio
scevmgr: SuperCell Event Manager
SDC: System Data Collection
SETT: Script Execution Test Tool
SGI: Silicon Graphics Inc.
SSC: Singapore Software Centre
SST: Sub-System Testing
UNO: Universal Network Operations
7. 参考资料
[1] Krish T. Krishnakumar and Ng Orr Thiak, UNO2.1/ R8.1 OMC-R Agent Features:#1171, GSD and Status Display Software System Test Plan , SCELL-COM-OMC-SSTP-004, Version 2.0.0, May 20, 1998.
[2] Dan Lewis, Debbie Stackis, Ron Weddige, Ravishankar H.S, Huei-Ying Ong, Supercell OMC-R CMIP Agent Software Functional Specification, SCELL-COM-GEN-SFS-004, Version 11.2, May 30, 1998.
[3] IPL, Eveleigh House, Grove Street, Bath, BA1 5LR, UK, An Introduction to Software Testing, http:// www.teleport.com/~qcs/papers/p820.htm.
[4] IPL, Eveleigh House, Grove Street, Bath, BA1 5LR, UK, Software Testing and Software Development Lifecycles, http://www.teleport.com/~qcs/papers/ p821.htm.
[5] "Weak Mutation Testing and Completeness of Test Sets", IEEE Trans. Software Eng., Vol.SE-8, No.4, July 1982, pp.371-379.
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